8. ORGANISATION AND MANAGEMENT THEORY

Scientific management by Taylor (1997) introduces new and improved processes of production and eliminations of wastage and ineffectiveness in production. Its main task is to increase a performance of production. Scientific management analyzes workflows with main aim to improve labour effectiveness. The core ideas of the theory were developed by Frederick Winslow Taylor in the 1880s.
Scientific management is essential for any type of business these days, however there are pros and cons of the theory.

Pros:
• Shifts decision making process from employees to managers and provides hierarchy in job’s positions
• Theory developed one best way to perform each type of job
• It selects appropriate workers with proper skills for each type of job, selection based on technical competence, experience and training
• It plans work for employees to avoid interruptions
• It established rules for scientific approach to business management what allowed to improve it in the future.

Cons:
• Firstly it gave production managers too high level of uncontrolled power
• Theory did not satisfy needs of workers
• Treated workers as uninformed
• Did not give the employee chance to suggest some solutions and ideas
• Did not recognise variation among individuals.

Company like Nike has the biggest factories in Asia – place of cheap labour. Thousands of workers produce shoes and clothes like robots. Sitting in huge hangars doing exactly one type of movement every several seconds – for hours a day. Every person does something different. One cuts material, the other which is behind sews and so forth. There is no time to go to toilet or have a meal, for whole production would be disturbed. In relevance to the theory it can be noticed that companies do not satisfy employees’ needs nor give them chance to make any improvement or development. Neither in production nor as an individual itself. Workers are treat as uninformed labour power only . It is all about improving performance of production but only in quantitative terms, not qualitative.

NIKE FACTORY


The other company – BMW, car manufacturer. In this case employees producing car are trained and have good skills to perform their part of work. In opposite to Adidas employees, they weld technical competence, but again every person does his small part and needs to be quick, otherwise whole production line would suffer. As this company is not placed in Europe, companies at last provide high salary and satisfy employees needs. However, whole production line is strictly organized and workers must do their part of job only.

BMW FACTORY


Concluding, the scientific management theory by Taylor has given lots of improvement in understanding the business management. However, some parts of the theory are not easy to accept by employees, for do not satisfy their needs. As the theory has been improved since its development, there are still some areas which need to be adjusted.


REFERENCES

Taylor, F. W., (1997) The Principles of Scientific Management. New York: Dover Publications.