Charles Handy (2009) in his book Gods of Management: The Changing Work of Organisations describes four major types of organisational culture:
• power culture – culture specified as a web. The control is a deciding factor. This type is commonly found in small and medium size companies. There is an individual having power over everything what is happening in the organisation. That person influences all decision made within the organisation. For example – VBH Galro.
• role culture – the best figure to describe it is a greek temple. The most common type of organisational culture nowadays. A company with main management where decision making process takes place is split into different functions which are allocated to each individuals, where the functions are given particular roles to carry out. This model is especially common in large organisations where employees are focused on their particular tasks what increases productivity and performance of organisation. For example Majestic Wine Plc.
• task culture – to accomplish organisation’s tasks, team based approach is put into practise. Very common in companies where wide research, development and completing the tasks before deadline are needed. The team is created with particular members and chosen to finish important tasks within the organisation. The figure describing this model is made on the basis of net. As example IBM or Microsoft companies can be used.
• person culture – not suitable model for business organisations. The individual specifies the way the organisation follows. It rejects formal hierarchy. It can be found in charities or different non profit organisations. For example – Save the Children Charity.
FIGURE DISPLAYING FOUR MAJOR ORGANISATIONAL TYPES OF CULTURE
Even if there are four major types of company’s culture, it is quite difficult to allocate particular company to one specific type of culture. The reason for that is because most of the companies display complex type of culture. As nowadays the companies deal with many various tasks within one organisation, their type of culture frequently is a mixture between two different specific cultures.
PRESENTATION DESCRIBING SIX TYPES OF ORGANISATIONAL CULTURE
VBH Galro company is example of power culture organisation. It is small organisation functioning under the name of VBH group. As it is owned by one person whose decisions influence overall company’s performance. The owner has chosen direction of company’s development. It is great responsibility and risk, however he has always coped with all affairs and troubles with positive results and led company to better performance. It was easily seen he reacted immediately to any inconveniences related to his company and all decision were made by him.
An example of company having strong culture can be Microsoft. The company established by Bill Gates and Paul Allen. Recent chairman of the company is Steve Ballmer. Microsoft conducts strong monopolistic practise. The company has mixture of two types of culture – role and task. The highest management making all decisions and directing the company and many different departments to finish allocated tasks. These two factors decide about the company’s culture.
Organizational culture differs in various companies. Each has got different rules, types of management behaviour or approach to business. It is described by all aspects like psychology, attitude, values and beliefs of an organisation. As Hill (2001) distinguish: “the specific collection of values and norms that are shared by people and groups in an organization and that control the way they interact with each other and with stakeholders outside the organization." It is the company’s culture what makes it different from other companies.
REFERENCES
Handy, C. B., (2009) Gods of Management: The Changing Work of Organisation. London: Souvenir Press Ltd.
Handy, C. B., (1985) Understanding Organizations, 3rd Ed. Harmondsworth: Penguin Books.
Hill, C. W. L. & Jones, G. R., (2001) Strategic Management. Houghton Mifflin.
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